Félix Hernández: Future King of Cooperstown?

Felix Herandez, the longtime starting pitcher for the Seattle Mariners, is on the BBWAA (Baseball Writers Association of America) for the first time. King Félix, as he is known to the Mariners’ faithful, spent 14 years in Seattle. He won 169 games, made six All-Star teams, and was the 2010 Cy Young Award winner.

Hernandez is on the BBWAA ballot for the first time along with his longtime teammate, right fielder Ichiro Suzuki, who is a lead-pipe cinch to be elected on the first ballot.

Hernandez made 418 starts for Seattle, starting in 2005 when he was just 19 years old. After his first 11 seasons, with 143 wins, a 3.11 ERA, a perfect game, and 2,142 strikeouts, Hernández looked like a sure-fire Hall of Famer.

But 2,268.1 innings before his 30th birthday ultimately took a toll. King Felix only pitched for four more seasons, logging a 4.94 ERA after turning 30.

“Hernández’s career arc is fascinating and tragic. It’s Shakespearean in its triumph and turmoil. Meteoric rise followed by a steady fall with no vindication in the end.”

— Ryan Divish, The Seattle Times (Sept. 22, 2019)

In the 49-year history of the Seattle Mariners, only seven players who have played for the team have been inducted into Cooperstown (Gaylord Perry, Goose Gossage, Rickey Henderson, Randy Johnson, Ken Griffey Jr., Edgar Martinez, and Adrian Beltre). Ichiro will be the eighth next summer.

Will Felix Hernandez be the ninth? The odds are severely against him, and if it ever happens, it will likely be years or decades. However, King Felix has a strong case based on his dominant years in his 20s.

Cooperstown Cred: Félix Hernández (SP)

• Seattle Mariners (2005-2019)
• Career: 169-136 (.554), 3.42 ERA in 2,729.2 IP
• Career: 117 ERA+, 50.2 WAR (Wins Above Replacement)
• 2010 A.L. Cy Young Award winner (13-12, 2.27 ERA, 174 ERA+)
• 6-time All-Star
• Led the A.L. in ERA twice (2010, 2014)

(cover photo: Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Genna Martin)

Félix Hernández: Before the Majors

Félix Abraham Graham Hernández Gárcia was born on April 8, 1986, in Valencia, Venezuela. The Hernández family lived comfortably in Valencia’s middle class; his father owned a trucking company.

As a young hurler who was already throwing at 90 MPH by the age of 14, Hernández was just a few months past his 16th birthday when he was signed as an amateur free agent by the Seattle Mariners. The M’s had been following Félix for years but weren’t the only organization to notice the young prospect. Hernández signed for $710,000 but actually turned down more money from the Yankees and Braves, choosing the Seattle organization because his boyhood idol Freddy Garcia was pitching in King County.

Hernández began his professional career in 2003 and spent less than three full seasons in the minor leagues before making his Major League Baseball debut. The big right-hander, as he blitzed through the minors, knew he was good: his baseball glove was embroidered “Félix el Cartuella” (roughly translated to “Félix the Badass.”) He also picked up the nickname “King Félix” before ever throwing a pitch in the majors.

In 2005, Félix was tabbed by Baseball America as the top pitching prospect in baseball. After 14 starts at Tacoma (AAA) in the Pacific Coast League (in which he posted a 2.25 ERA), the 19-year-old Hernandez was promoted to the big club in early August.

“We had a little pressure in some corners to not rush the kid … he’s too young… I was taught and still believe that young prospects should face some adversity in the minor leagues. Moving him aggressively was a no-brainer, but I still failed the adversity thing… It’s not my fault Félix kicked everyone’s ass everywhere he went.”

— Bill Bavasi, Mariners General Manager (reported in The Athletic, Sept. 19, 2019)

2005: 19-Year Old Félix in King County

Félix Hernández made his MLB debut in Detroit on August 4, 2005. Pitching for first-year Mariners manager Mike Hargrove, Hernández went just 5 innings in his opening outing, giving up 2 runs (1 earned) to go with 3 hits, 2 walks, and 4 strikeouts. After that decent debut, King Félix was lights out, pitching 8 innings in each of his next three starts, giving up just 3 runs on 13 hits in 24 innings, with a scant 2 free passes against 26 K’s.

In his 6th start, at Safeco Field against the New York Yankees, Hernández lost 2-0 to former Mariners’ ace Randy Johnson. The nearly 42-year-old Big Unit was impressed by his 19-year-old counterpart, remarking that Félix had “endless ability.” Hernández finished his abbreviated rookie campaign with a 4-4 record and a 2.67 ERA.

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2006-2009: Road to the Kingdom

On his Baseball Reference page, Félix Hernández is listed as 6’3″ and 225 pounds. In the spring of 2006, Félix showed up to training camp at 246 pounds and would later refer to that version of himself as “Fat Félix.” The extra weight resulted in shin splints and a very poor first two months of the season, in which he posted a 5.78 ERA. Hernández did better for the rest of the year (3.92 ERA in final 20 starts) but it was still a disappointing sophomore campaign.

King Félix came back in 2007 in much better shape, and it showed. He went 14-7 with a 3.92 ERA. In 2008, he went 9-11 with a 3.45 ERA, another solid campaign but not one that made him look like a future Hall of Famer. In his first four seasons overall, Hernández posted a 3.80 ERA with a 1.319 WHIP. Using advanced metrics, his WAR was 12.0 for those four years (24th best in MLB); his adjusted ERA+ of 114 ranked behind 21 other hurlers.

The highlight of the 2008 season for Hernández was a June 23rd matchup against the New York Mets and fellow Venezuelan Johan Santana. Félix beat the Mets with his bat, not his arm. In the second inning, in his first at bat of the season, he hit a grand slam off Santana. Unfortunately, the highlight game also was a lowlight since Hernández twisted his ankle before he could finish 5 innings and landed on the disabled list.

Hernández finally earned his regal nickname in 2009, his breakout campaign coming at the age of 23. King Félix went 19-5 with a 2.49 ERA (with a 5.9 WAR and 171 ERA+). For his efforts, the young M’s right-hander earned his first All-Star berth and finished 2nd in the Cy Young balloting behind Zack Greinke.

2010-12: Cy Young and Beyond

The 2010 season for Félix Hernández ended in somewhat of a breakthrough for the baseball writers covering the sport. Because his teammates scored only 3.1 runs per game in his 34 starts, Hernández had a middling 13-12 won-loss record even though he led the A.L. with a 2.27 ERA. Despite solid seasons and higher win totals from David Price (19-6, 2.72 ERA), CC Sabathia (21-7, 3.18 ERA), and Jon Lester (19-9, 3.25 ERA), the members of the BBWAA tasked with voting on the Cy Young Award conferred the trophy to King Félix, choosing to reward him for his superior run prevention numbers rather than punish him for having “only” 13 wins.

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Hernández truly did have to earn those 13 wins. Only twice did he give up as many as 2 runs, yielding 1 or fewer in 11 of the 13 victories. Additionally, he had 11 other starts in which he tossed at least 7 innings while giving up 2 runs or less (7 no decisions and 4 losses). The Hernández Cy Young of 2010 was seen as a turning point in the emerging “war” (pun intended) between old-school writers and those who looked at sabermetrics. Besides leading the league in ERA, he also led the league in Wins Above Replacement for pitchers with a 7.2 mark.

Following his Cy Young campaign, King Félix had an off year in 2011 by his standards (14-14, 3.47 ERA) but literally became a part of what used to be called Safeco Field. In late May, a special cheering section for Hernández, dubbed “King’s Court”, debuted at Safeco near the left field foul pole.

After the off-year, King Félix rebounded in 2012, going 13-9 with a 3.09 ERA along with a 5.3 WAR. On August 15th, on a sunny day in Seattle, Hernández authored the 23rd perfect game in baseball history, a 113-pitch masterpiece in which he faced the minimum of 27 batters against the Tampa Bay Rays, punctuated by 12 strikeouts.

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2013-14: A Fortune Worthy of a King

From 2005-12, Félix Hernández toiled for a team that missed the playoffs every year, only once getting within even 10 games of the postseason party. The biggest stars of the 1990s Mariners (Randy Johnson, Ken Griffey Jr., and Alex Rodriguez) all had the opportunity to participate in October baseball, but all three left the franchise in order to earn bigger dollars elsewhere.

In the spring of 2013, the Mariners’ organization decided not to allow that to happen to their home-grown pitching ace. Hernández was inked to a seven-year contract worth $175 million. On the day of the signing, the King announced that Seattle was “home” and that he would always “do my best; better than my best.”

In the first three seasons of his new seven-figure deal, King Félix earned the princely sum he was earning. In 2013, he went 12-10 with a 3.04 ERA.

In the ensuing offseason, Seattle management decided that 2014 was the year the team was going to contend for the playoffs; free agent second baseman Robinson Cano was signed to a massive 10-year, $240 million contract and, lo and behold, the team did in fact win 87 games and were in contention until the final week of the season.

Hernández was particularly superb, going 15-6 with a league-leading 2.14 ERA, 0.915 WHIP, and 6.4 WAR, all while striking out a career-best 248 batters. Unfortunately, King Félix saved his worst start for his second to last. In a crucial outing in Toronto on September 23rd, Hernández was bombed, giving up 8 runs (4 earned) in 4.2 IP. He won his final game of the season, but the M’s fell one short game of a Wild Card berth.

Still, despite the disappointing finish, it was a great season for Hernández; he finished second (barely) in the Cy Young balloting to Cleveland’s Corey Kluber (18-9, 2.44 ERA, 8.3 WAR).

2015-16: Chinks in the Armor

King Félix got off to another great start in 2015, going 8-1 in his first 10 starts to go with a spiffy 1.91 ERA. Starting in June, however, he became unusually inconsistent. Look at the first four starts he made in June:

• June 1 (vs. NYY): 4.2 IP, 6 Hits, 7 ER
• June 6 (vs. TB): 7 IP, 2 Hits, 1 ER
• June 12 (at HOU): 0.1 IP, 5 Hits, 8 ER
• June 17 (vs. SF): 8 IP, 4 Hits, 0 ER

Take a wild guess which games Hernández won and which he lost (we went 2-2 in those four outings, seeing his ERA balloon from 2.51 to 3.38 in that one horrendous start). In his final 16 efforts, King Félix was mostly effective (with 10 quality starts) but had a couple more blowout outings; he gave up 7 ER in 6.2 IP against Arizona in late July and a horrific 10 ER in 2.1 IP at Fenway Park in mid-August.

At the end of the season, Hernández was 0-4 with a 20.57 ERA in those four miserable outings. In his 27 other starts, he was 18-5 with a sterling 2.25 ERA. Talk about a Jekyll and Hyde campaign!

The 2016 season wasn’t quite as herky-jerky, but it could best be described as average: he was 11-8 with a 3.82 ERA in 153.1 innings; Hernández missed nearly two months due to a strained calf, an injury sustained while celebrating a teammate’s home run. It was the first time since his rookie season that Félix failed to log at least 190 innings.

2017-19: Descent into Mediocrity

In the last three seasons, Félix Hernández has toiled through a myriad of injuries and consistently dwindling effectiveness. Take a look at the steady decline of the King.

• 2017: 6-5, 4.36 ERA (96 ERA+), 86.2 IP
• 2018: 8-14, 5.55 ERA (74 ERA+), 155.2 IP
• 2019: 1-8, 6.40 (68 ERA+), 71.2 IP

In his early 20s, Hernández consistently threw his fastball in the mid-90s. In the last two seasons (his age 32 and age 33 seasons), his fastball velocity has been barely over 90 MPH, the same level that it was reported to have been when he was 14 years old.

Before the 2018 season, pitching coach Mel Stottlemyre Jr. urged the King to try to pitch to contact to get batters to hit the ball earlier in the count.

Hernández appeared to buy in to the new approach for a while, but he would eventually go back to what he had always done — pumping fastballs — while never acknowledging that he was a lesser version of the player he had been. Team sources said he was reticent to accept the club’s efforts to help from an analytic standpoint, eschewing scouting reports and bio-mechanical data used by other pitchers.

— Corey Brock, The Athletic (Sept. 19, 2019)

In 2018 and ’19, there were 126 pitchers who tossed at least 200 innings. Hernández posted a negative WAR (-1.8), the worst among all pitchers in baseball. His actual ERA (5.82) and adjusted ERA+ (71) are also last among all of those 126 hurlers.

If you add in the 2017 season, there are 115 hurlers who have logged at least 300 innings. Again, Hernández’s WAR (-1.2) is the worst among all 115; his 5.42 ERA was 111th out of 115, and his ERA+ (76) is the second to worst, behind only Matt Harvey, the former Dark Knight of Gotham.

King Felix’s Reign Ends

On September 26, 2019, at T-Mobile Park in Seattle, Félix Hernández made what was ultimately the final start of his career. King Felix labored through 106 pitches in 5.1 innings, giving up three runs on five hits. The highlight was, in the top of the 5th, when Hernández got out of a 2-out, bases-loaded jam thanks to a diving catch in left-center field by Dylan Moore. If you just watched the reaction from the King, you would think the Mariners had just clinched the pennant.

After the emotional end to the 5th, manager Scott Servais let Hernández return to the mound in the top of the 6th. Then, after Félix retired the first batter, Servais came out to get the ball, allowing the King to soak in the adoration of the fans, take a final bow, and acknowledge the throng of supporters in the King’s Court.

“It didn’t happen all at once. There wasn’t a seminal moment when you realized it was over, no major injury signaling the end… Maybe it would’ve been better that way… Instead, the decline started gradually and increased with a steady pace that he couldn’t slow, stop or even realize until it was too far gone… Many could see it coming, even when Hernandez couldn’t or wouldn’t.”

— Ryan Divish, The Seattle Times (Sept. 22, 2019)

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Comebacks Aborted

It was well known that night in Seattle that it would be King Felix’s last start as a member of the Seattle Mariners. But, at the time, he had hoped to make a comeback. I speculated at the time that he might be best served re-inventing himself as a relief pitcher.

On January 20, 2020, Hernandez signed a minor-league contract with the Atlanta Braves. However, in July, he decided that he would not pitch that season due to concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic.

A free agent again, on February 3, 2021, Hernandez inked a minor league deal with the Baltimore Orioles. He pitched with the O’s during spring training but suffered an elbow injury in mid-March. He never pitched again.

Still, with no official retirement announcement, there were some who speculated that King Felix might return from exile. He was still only 36 when he threw out the first pitch of the A.L. Division Series in October 2022. It was the Mariners’ first postseason home game since 2001.

If there was any doubt that Hernandez was truly retired, it was on August 12, 2023, when he was inducted as the eleventh member of the Mariners Hall of Fame during an emotional ceremony at T-Mobile Park. “This is not easy for me,” Hernandez said. “Pitching and being there on that mound is way easier than this.”

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The Hall of Fame Case for and against Felix Hernandez

It’s sad that the question needs to be asked, whether there is a Cooperstown case for Félix Hernández.

We’ve already seen that Hernández was arguably the best pitcher in baseball for 11 years. Eleven years is a long time, a statistically valid sample. But that’s not the way it is. Sometimes, a player can be statistically the best for a 10-11 year period of time simply because the better player/pitcher debuted a few years later or their career ended a few years earlier.

The career of King Félix looks very similar to the careers of a couple of other recent top-flight starters whose careers ended in the last 10 years:

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On this list, Zack Greinke looks like an easy call for the Hall of Fame. Next on the list, CC Sabathia is, like Hernandez, a first-time nominee for the BBWAA 2025 Hall of Fame ballot. Because CC reached the milestones of 250+ wins and 3,000+ strikeouts, he’ll likely make the Hall this year along with Felix’s longtime teammate Ichiro Suzuki.

After that, it’s kind of a jumble. Cole Hamels will be eligible next year. Tim Hudson has already been purged from future ballots, while Mark Buehrle is on the ballot for the 5th time but has never earned more than 11.0% of the vote. Bartolo Colon was “one and done” (less than 5%) a year ago. Jon Lester, Adam Wainwright, and David Price have yet to hit the BBWAA ballot.

The 11-Year Reign of Félix Hernández

The most common way for a player to make the Hall of Fame is to reach benchmark statistical milestones. For a position player, those have traditionally been 3,000 hits or 500 home runs (although the PED era has wrecked these). For pitchers, it’s 300 wins (though, in the future, 250 may be the new 300).

The other ways a player makes the Hall is through peak performance or historical significance. Unfortunately for Hernandez, the Mariners never made the postseason during his reign, so he doesn’t have that going for him. However, he does have a peak performance case.

Let’s look at how Hernández stands up against his contemporaries for the time period of 2005 and 2015, the first eleven seasons of his career, ranked by WAR:

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When you consider that Clayton Kershaw’s career began in 2008 and Roy Halladay’s ended after 2013, it’s pretty clear that King Félix was the best pitcher in baseball for those 11 years. Put another way, if you could get into a time machine and travel back to the spring of 2005 with the task of choosing one pitcher for these 11 seasons, you would pick Hernández, or maybe Justin Verlander.

Putting Félix Hernández’s First 11 Years into Context

What’s notable about the 11-year peak of Felix Hernandez is that it all happened before he turned 30. Even though King Félix debuted at the tender age of 19, the Mariners were careful to limit his innings. He tossed 191, 190.1, and 200.2 innings in his first three full MLB seasons (his age 20-22 campaigns).

When a starting pitcher dominates throughout his 20s, that’s normally a great formula to become a future Hall of Famer. Even if said starting pitcher becomes merely “average” in his 30s, the head start advantage makes it easier to accumulate significant counting stats.

In all of baseball history, there are a grand total of five pitchers who have logged 2,000 innings with 2,000 strikeouts and an ERA+ of at least 125 before their age 30 season. The five are Walter Johnson, Bob Feller, Sandy Koufax, Bert Blyleven and Félix Hernández.

If you take the K’s out of the equation (because we all know that it’s easier to strike hitters out today than ever before), let’s play a different game. There are only 16 pitchers in the modern game (pitchers who debuted in 1901 and later) who have 2,000 IP with an ERA+ of 125 or better before their age 30 campaign. The list includes 13 Hall of Famers plus Roger Clemens, Dave Stieb, and Félix Hernández.

I wrote about Stieb (the excellent Blue Jays hurler from the 1980s) a few years ago. He and Hernández have a lot in common. Both toiled in northern cities outside of the bright lights of the major markets of the USA. Both were arguably the best pitcher in baseball for an 11-year period of time. And both started breaking down after their respective 11th MLB seasons.

As I detailed in my piece about Stieb, he, Ron Guidry, and Hernández are the only three pitchers between 1889 and 2015 who have led the majors in WAR (Wins Above Replacement) for an 11-year period who are not in the Hall of Fame.

Felix Hernandez & Johan Santana

When you consider making a peak-performance Hall of Fame case for Felix Hernandez, the mind immediately drifts to Johan Santana. Like King Felix, Santana hails from Venezuela and was the best pitcher in baseball for a significant number of years. The key difference, however, is that Santana’s reign atop the list of starters was for only seven seasons (2004-10), compared to King Felix’s reign from 2005-15.

Santana won 2 Cy Young Awards and finished in the top three two other times. Hernandez won the award once and was the runner-up in two other seasons. Santana was the A.L. ERA leader three times; King Felix led twice.

Santana’s career WAR (51.1) is higher than Kind Felix’s (49.9) despite pitching 704 fewer innings. Here are their numbers, side by side:

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By the numbers, Santana was the better pitcher, but Hernandez lasted longer. The key difference is that Santana had only one “down” year, in 2012 with the New York Mets, the year he pitched the franchise’s first no-hitter. Santana posted a 4.85 ERA in what was his final campaign. King Felix, on the other hand, had those four down years, which raised his career ERA from 3.11 to 3.42.

Santana hit the BBWAA ballot in 2018 and got just 2.4% of the vote, far short of the 5% required to remain on future Hall of Fame ballots. Does that portend to a similar fate for King Felix?

Probably not, for a couple of reasons. First of all, Santana had the misfortune of appearing on a ballot that was jam-packed with talent, and writers are limited to selecting ten players per ballot. Chipper Jones, Vladimir Guerrero, Jim Thome, and Trevor Hoffman were elected. Edgar Martinez, Mike Mussina, and Larry Walker were making gains toward their inductions in the subsequent years. Barry Bonds, Roger Clemens, Manny Ramirez, and Sammy Sosa were still earning votes from writers lenient to PED users. And the ballot also had Curt Schilling, Fred McGriff, Omar Vizquel, Scott Rolen, Jeff Kent, Billy Wagner, Gary Sheffield, and Andruw Jones.

That’s nineteen other candidates that Santana had to compete against. It’s no wonder he got lost in the shuffle.

The second reason is that Santana’s career win total (139) would have established a new low for a Hall of Fame starting pitcher (the lowest of all-time is Dizzy Dean, who won 150). If Hernandez were ever to make it, he would have the fifth-fewest wins, ahead of Dean, Sandy Koufax, Addie Joss, and John Ward. That still makes him a long shot, but not an unprecedented pick.

What the Writers Have to Say

Here is a sample of the BBWAA members who actually have a say in the matter. I’ll start with a few who are in favor of Felix Hernandez for the Hall of Fame.

“Admittedly, King Félix was one of my favorite players to watch. His genuine love for the game and for competing made it almost impossible not to root for him. He was incredibly consistent, posting 10 consecutive seasons with 30+ starts… The biggest drawback to Hernández’s candidacy is his relatively low career totals… But still, he was most certainly one of the best pitchers of his time… (CC) Sabathia had a better overall career and has a much better Hall of Fame resume than Hernández, but at their best, I’d rather have King Félix if I needed to win one game.

— Steve Gardner, USA Today(Jan. 3, 2025)

“King Félix had his great career cut short by injuries and Covid, but his statistical body of work is impressive for a pitcher who only played 12 full seasons. I’m going to disregard his 15-25 record during his last three seasons because he was pitching through the pain, and view him as the guy with a 3.16 ERA and a .586 winning percentage (for a Seattle Mariners team that had a .465 winning percentage over the same period) and who averaged well over 200 innings per season over that span.”

— Peter Schmuck, Baltimore Baseball (Dec. 28, 2024)

“Felix “King” Hernandez made his Major League debut at age 19 and was already retired at 33. He had a short career, but with an extraordinary peak. In a way, my vote seeks to prevent him from quickly leaving the ballot without voters having the opportunity to dig deeper into his numbers, as happened with his compatriot Johan Santana.”

— Enrique Rojas, ESPN Deportes (Dec. 27, 2024)

Next, a writer who was not in favor:

“His career got off to a Hall-of-Fame start but ended before Hernández could compile lifetime numbers worthy of Cooperstown. Felix’s career is similar to that of Bret Saberhagen, Johan Santana, Ron Guidry, Dwight Gooden and Dave Stieb — great pitchers all, but not in the Hall.”

— David Brown, Bally Sports (Dec. 28, 2024)

The Bottom Line

Félix Hernández has had an excellent Major League Baseball career, but he’s probably not going to make the Hall of Fame until there’s a seismic shift in standards that starts electing peak performers.

As for my opinion, I’m a “yes” on Felix Hernandez for the Hall of Fame. I believe in peak value, a big Hall, and that the Hall of Fame has undervalued starting pitchers too much for the last several decades. An eleven-year run as the best (or, at worst, one of the best) pitchers in baseball is good enough for me. (Incidentally, I also argued in favor of Johan Santana for Cooperstown while acknowledging that he wasn’t one of the top ten players on the 2018 ballot).

Unlike Santana, Felix is not going to be “one and done.” There are only six players on the current ballot who received at least 20% of the vote in 2024, and two of them (Ramirez and Alex Rodriguez) have a ceiling based on their PED suspensions. There’s room for Hernandez on any writer’s ten-man ballot.

Based on the first 130 recorded votes (per Ryan Thibodaux’s Hall of Fame vote tracker), Hernandez has 26.2% of the vote. That’s nowhere near the 75% needed for induction, but it’s a respectable first-year tally, putting him safely far above the minimum 5% required to remain on future ballots.

For perspective, Billy Wagner is almost certainly going to make the Hall in his 10th turn on the ballot. On his first try, he got just 10.5%. Todd Helton, who was elected last year, got 16.5% in his first year of eligibility, while Scott Rolen (elected in 2023) got 10.2% on his first ballot. As I noted previously in the comment about Santana, there were some super-packed ballots between 2016 and 2019.

Significantly, King Felix has the tenth-best vote share among the 28 candidates on the ballot. His final tally will be less (the tracker almost always overestimates the final vote). Still, Felix’s showing is strong enough that he’ll likely remain on the ballot for his full ten years of eligibility.

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